Jamshedpur is the largest city in the newly formed Indian state of Jharkhand, which is situated on the Chota Nagpur Plateau in the East Singhbhum District. It is the first planned industrial city of India, founded by Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata n the year 1919. The city is also known as Steel City or Tatanagar as it houses the Tata steel industry and was founded Jamshedji Tata. Surrounded by the Dalma Hills and the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai, it is also home to the Tata Football Academy (TFA), which was established in the year 1987 by the Tata Group to train and find new talent in football. The city is also well-known for the Tata Archery Academy and the city also won the 2004 Global Compact City award by the United Nations for being one of the fastest developing cities in the world. Jamshedpur is a major industrial centre of East India, which houses industries such as Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Power, Lafarge Cement, Telcon, BOC Gases, Praxair, TCE, TCS, Timken, TRF, Tinplate, etc. It is also the home to one of the largest industrial zones of India known as Adityapur which houses more than 1,200 small and medium scale industries. Geography and Climate Jamshedpur is situated in the southern end of the state of Jharkhand and is bordered by the states of Orissa and West Bengal at an average elevation of the city is 135 meters while the range is from 129 m to 151 m. Jamshedpur is primarily located in a hilly region and is surrounded by the Dalma Hills running from west to east and covered with dense forests and covers a geographical area of 150 km[SUP]2[/SUP]. The region is formed of the sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks belonging to the Dharwarian period. Located at the confluence of Kharkai and Subarnarekha Rivers, Subarnarekha is the principal river of Jamshedpur, which flows from west to south-eastern part of the territory. The city falls under deciduous type of forest region and the green cover is estimated to be around 33% of the total land area and under the Seismic Zone II region. Jamshedpur has a tropical wet and dry climate with hot summers and cold winters. Summer season start from middle of March and is most often extremely hot during the months of May and June. The temperature variation during summer is from 35 to 49 °C (95 to 120 °F) and the minimum temperature during winters is 1 °C (34 °F). The climate of Jamshedpur is marked by south-west monsoon and the city gets heavy rainfall from July to September and receives about 1,200 mm (47 in) of rainfall annually. Demographics As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Jamshedpur in 2011 is 629,659; of which male and female are 327,912 and 301,747, respectively. Total number of literates in the city is 494,893 of which 270,876 are males while 224,017 are females. The Average literacy rate is 87.50% of which male and female literacy was 92.15% and 82.47%. The sex ratio of Jamshedpur city is 920 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 887 per 1000 boys. The major conversational languages are Bengali, Hindi and English though languages of other states are also spoken by immigrants in Jamshedpur. Tribal languages such as Santali and Ho are spoken in the city outskirts. The population is multi-ethnic owing to migration of people from all over the country to work in the numerous industries present in the city. History of Jamshedpur Until 1919, Jamshedpur was known as Sakchi and in that year, Lord Chelmsford gave the city its present name in honor of its founder, Jamshedji Nausserwanji Tata. At the end of the 19[SUP]th[/SUP] century, Jamshedji Tata went to Pittsburgh and asked geologist Charles Page Perin to help him find the site to build his dream - India's first steel plant. The search for a site rich in iron, coal, limestone and water began in April 1904 in today's Madhya Pradesh. The intrepid hunters were C M Weld, Dorab Tata and Shapurji Saklatvala. It took nearly three years of painstaking prospecting across vast stretches of inhospitable terrain for Dame Fortune to smile. And smile she did, near a village called Sakchi(now part of Tatanagar), on the densely forested stretches of the Chhota Nagpur plateau. In 1908 the construction of the plant as well as the city officially began. The first steel ingot was rolled on 16 February 1912. It was a momentous day in the history of industrial India. Jamshedji's plan for the city was clear. He envisioned far more than a mere row of workers hutments. He insisted upon building all the comforts and conveniences a city could provide. As a result, many areas in the city are well planned and there are public leisure places such as the Jubilee Park. While building the city, he made sure that there is plenty of space for lawns and gardens; reserve large areas for football, hockey and parks; allocated areas for Hindu temples, Mohammedan mosques and Christian churches. Messrs Julin Kennedy Sahlin from Pittsburgh prepared the first layout of the town of Jamshedpur and is the only million plus city in India without a municipal corporation. According to prodigy, in the late 1980s when the state government proposed a law to end the Tatas' administration of Jamshedpur and bring the city under a municipality, the local populace rose in protest and defeated the government's proposal. In the year 2005, a similar proposal was once again put up by entering the politicians and targeted the working class and as a large majority sided with the government and set up protest meetings outside the East-Singhbhum Deputy Commissioner's office. However, the objective was never achieved and Jamshedpur is still the only city in India without a municipality. Economy of Jamshedpur As the fist Industrial City of India and as the home to the first private iron and steel company of India, Jamshedpur has several huge industries. Rich in minerals, including iron ore, coal, manganese bauxite and lime, the industries revolve around these products and the main industries being iron and steel, truck manufacturing, tinplate production, cement and other small and medium scale industries. The largest factory is that of Tata Steel (the erstwhile Tata Iron and Steel Company or TISCO), situated almost at the center of the city. Tata Steel is the largest iron and steel producing plant in India, as well as the oldest. The highest per capita revenue of the country is generated from Jamshedpur and a major part of the city’s revenue is churned out from these industries and also offers employment to a huge group of people of not only the state of Jharkhand but also of the country. Tourist Attractions in Jamshedpur The Steel City of India, Jamshedpur is set in picturesque surroundings, which attracts the tourists from near and far. Besides being an industrial city and housing chain of multiple industries, the city also houses a number of tourist attractions. Some of These Famous Travel Destinations in Jamshedpur city are: JRD TATA Sports Complex Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary Jubilee Park Keenan Stadium Tata Steel Zoological Park Sir Dorabji Tata Park Rivers Meet Dimna Lake Hudco Lake Bhuvaneshwari Temple Transportation Railways Tatanagar Junction is a railway junction and a model station on the Chakradharpur division, of the South Eastern Railway. It is one of the most important railway junctions of the state and is one of the busiest stations of South Eastern Railway, as it is connected directly to all the major cities of India. Roadways The city is well-connected with other important cities of India via roadways. Bus services are available from Jamshedpur to the other important cities of Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal and Orissa. Autorickshaws are the most common means of commuting within the city. Private Mini Buses as well operates in the city area. Airport Sonari Airport is a small airport serving the city that covers an area of 25 acre of land. The airport is mainly used for chartered planes of TATA group. However, of late few airlines have started their operations from Jamshedpur.
Jamshed pur city is full of engineers and many learned white collar people , for a very obvious reason of the Steel Industry set up by Ratan Tataji .
